Tobacco
In addition to being bathed in alcohol, Ulysses is
suffused with the smell of tobacco. Cigarettes figure
prominently in the book, backed by briefer appearances from
pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and snuff. As with alcohol, Bloom
does not abstain totally, but he does resist the pull of this
addictive substance, pondering its health effects as a
"poison."
Pipes had been the chief vehicle for smoking in the 19th
century. Simon Dedalus smokes one in Sirens, Bloom
remembers his father smoking one in Oxen of the Sun,
Molly remembers the same of her father in Penelope,
and in Circe a fantasized Bloom smokes a peasant's
cheap clay pipe. But times changed with the arrival of
machines for rolling cigarettes in the 1880s. The newfangled
smoking sticks were catching on in a big way by the turn of
the century, and by 1920 the "swaggerroot" (Zoe's
fanciful coinage in Circe) had largely supplanted
pipes.
People offer cigarettes to one another in Telemachus,
Aeolus, and Circe, and in Lotus Eaters
Bloom thinks about the companionly comfort of the habit as he
passes by the drivers at the cabstand: "Like to give them an
odd cigarette. Sociable." Smokers seem to relish lighting up
in restaurants even more than in pubs. Kevin Egan "rolls
gunpowder cigarettes" as he sits in a Paris café in Proteus,
and in Lestrygonians Bloom inhales "sweetish
warmish cigarette smoke" and "reek of plug" in the Burton.
Women enjoy the weed equally with men. Gerty MacDowell thinks
of "the nice perfume of those good cigarettes" that Reggie
Wylie smokes, and she remembers the night when Cissy Caffrey
"dressed up in her father’s suit and hat and the burned cork
moustache and walked down Tritonville road, smoking a
cigarette." As Bloom walks through the streets of the Monto he
sees prostitutes smoking in doorways and open windows. Their "birdseye
cigarettes" cohere with the hundreds of animal
transformations in this chapter, but birdseye was a technique
for cutting tobacco leaves across the central stem, giving a
distinctive appearance to the strips.
When Bloom gets home he sees that Molly and Blazes Boylan
have been smoking cigarettes at the piano, and when Molly
imagines her husband bringing Stephen to the house she thinks
"we can have music and cigarettes I can accompany him."
Ithaca observes that in the Blooms' bedroom the
odor of "Muratti's Turkish cigarettes" hangs about
Molly's clothes. In Penelope she recalls smelling
cigarette smoke in one of Milly's dresses.
(Gaudy dollwomen loll in the lighted doorways, in window embrasures, smoking birdseye cigarettes. The odour of the sicksweet weed floats towards him in slow round ovalling wreaths.)
Sweet are the sweets. Sweets of sin.